Shaft-packing.



v@DAHLKR SHAFT PACKING. APgLxoA-TION Emmi-JUNE 2o, 1912.

www1; f Patented De0.9,1913.

2 SHEETS-sum1.'

ifi y l hvmom DHH/@9 0. DAHLKE.

SHAFT PACKING.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE zo, 1912.

ljl., Patented De@.9,1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Inventor', Skal" DHIKG,

odierne is anna ernten.

@Sm THME, @E GHRLTTENBURG, GERMNY, ASSIGNOR T0 GENERAL ELEG'EBEC CGMPMY,A GOBPORAHGN @F NEW YQRK.

subject of the King of. Prussia, residing at Charlottenburg, Germany,have inventedv certain new and useful 'improvements' in Shaft-Packing,of which the following is a specification. l

This invention relates to devices hfor packing the joint between arotating .shaft and a stationary surface such as the wall of a casingthrough which it passes, for lthe purpose of preventing the escape offluid pressure through said joint.v o

'lhe invention is especially useful 1n connection with iluid pressureturbines and the like. t is quite customary in such machinos to providepacking rings which can be lse adjusted to take up wear, or which arepressed continuously, by means of springs or fluid pressure, against thesurfaces with whichl they make the joint. It is clear that suchdevicescause great friction, which impairs the efliciency of the machineand causes a rapidV destruction of the rubbing surfaces. lf it isattempted to avoid this by reducing the pressure between these surfaces,the tightness of the oint is liable to be impaired. lt is found,however, that a satisfactory result will be accomplished if the surfacepressure at the joint is reduced to and maintained at a light contact.

The present invention has for its object to maintain such light contactunder varying degrees of luid pressure tending to aiieot it.

To this end the inventin consists in means whereby the force of pressurebetween the packing surfaces shall be automatically reg ulated by meansof the moment of 'friction arising between the relatively rotatingfriction surfaces.. v

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of ajoint embodying one form of my invention; Fig. 2 isa front .View of thesame, the shaft being m section; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of ajoint showing a modied form of the invention; Fig. 4 is a cross sectionof said modification; Figs. 5 and 6 arerespectively longitudinal andcross sections of a joint embodying a further modication; and Figs. 7and 8 are similar views of a fourth modification of the said invention.

ln all these views the part marked 1 represents a portion of a diaphragmseparating two chambers P, the former containing specification or teneisraient. .application led J une 2li, 1912. Serial No. 704,338.

l elastic-duid under greater pressure than that in the latter. A shaft 2passes through an opening 3 in said diaphragm, and my'in- 'ventionrelates to the packing which pre vents the escape of the elastic iluidthrough said opening.

ln Figs.. l, 2, 3 and l the casingis provided with a deep annular groovea concentric with the shaft and receivingv a sleeve 5 cylindrical inshape 'and adapted to slide longitudinally in said groove. rEhe outerend ofthe sleeve is rabbeted to receive the edge of a collar 6 securedon the shaft and rotating therewith. A flat annular plate or ring isfastened to the front face of the sleeve and lies in Contact with thefront face of the collar 6. This joint between the collar and the ringforms the packing for the shaft, and to insure a good joint the surfacesof said collar and ring are nished od' in planes of revolution and tittogether snugly. longitudinal movement of. the sleeve 5 1n its groove ifin one direction will press these friction surfaces together moreclosely, while if in the other-direction it will tend to separate them.Dillerent modes of etlecting this movement are shown. ln Figs. 1 and 2the sleeve is screw-threaded to engage with screw-threads 8 on the wallof the groove, so that a rotation of said sleeve will move itlongitudinally in said groove. lt is biased to turn in one direction bymeans of a spring 9 which abuts between a shoulder l0 on the casing anda lug 11 on the sleeve. rlhis spring tends to screw the sleeve into thegroovev and increase the pressure between the friction surfaces of thecollar and the ring. Whenever, by reason of an increase of force thisfrictional pressure becomes too great, the friction between sai-dsurfaces will become sufficient to enable the collar to exert a turningmoment on the ring, and the sleeve will be turned in a direction tounscrew it slightly and put a greater compression on the spring. Areduction of the force pressing thel surfaces together will permit thesprmg to urge the sleeve in the other direction to take up any tendencyof the collar to separate from the ring. A duct 12 leads from the casingto the inner end of the groove to preventthe fluid therein from being`compressed when the sleeve is screwed in, which might interfere with itsfree movement, and impair the accuracy of adjustment and the uniformityof the packing.

' rasanten neas, asia,

iin

to the inner end of the groove and urge the sleeve outwardly a triiie4to counteract the excessive friction, andv restore the packing pressureto normal. A spring similar to the spring 9 'tends to turn the sleeve toVkeep the port out of communication .with the duct.

ln Figs, and 6 the groove'for the sleeve is formed in a heavy collarsecured upon the shaft, so that the sleeve rotates with said shaft.'llhe projecting end 16 of the sleeve is preferably wldened and faced odto cooperate with a faced-od surface 17 on the diaphragm in a plane ofrevolution concentric with the shaft.. A spring Y18- in the inner endofthe groove forcesthe sleeve against said surface .17, ybeing assistedby the elastic fluid pressure which is admitted to said -sive frictionoccurs groove through rduct 19 in the collar and a the port is carriedpartly or wholly. out of o shaft and held in contact therewith by av 1increases unduly,

line with the duct, assisting the spring 18 is. throttled and thepressure is f lessened. Springs 21 abutting between shoulders on `thesleeve and pins 22 inserted ',thrugh the collarl restore the sleeveI teAits normal position when the friction is lessened,

Figs. 7 and 8 parts wherein the packing consists of a plurality ofsegments 23 grouped around the garter spring 2e. Each segment contains atransverse pin 25 whose ends are engaged by spiral grooves 26 in astationary support, such as the rings 27 surrounding the shaft andprevented fromrotating by one or more ribs 27a engaging with grooves. 28in the counterboredportion 29 of the casing in which the packingishoused. A cap 30 connnes the packlng and rings and has grooves for theends of the pins in the outer section Vof said packin a number ofsegmental erred, as shown. When the the shaft and the segments the pinsride up slightly in the segments are lifted rings being pre frictionbetween the grooves and away from tion is just sufficient to enable ittol counterbalance the inward pressure of the garter springs. l

In accordance with the provisions ofv the patent statutes, I havedescribed the principle of operation of'my invention, together so thatthe iiuid pressure show an arrangement` ofthe shaft until the reducedfricnoemer with the representthe best embodiment thereof; but l desireto have it understood that the' appaeipparaus which r new 'consider a Aratus shown is only illustrative, and that the invention can be carriedout by other means.

v -Whatl claim as new v.and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States, is,-

4l. Means for. regulatingthe pressure between iXed and rotating membersof a joint packin between chambers containing elastic liuid o diiderentpressures,lwhieh coi'n'prises` means `for enabling the moment offriction between said mem rs't'o separate them automatically, and meansbiasing them toward each other. .Y v

2. The combination with chambers containing elastic duid under diderentpressures, of'a shaft passing through said chambers, a joint packing forsaid shaft comprising members in frictional contact, and means responsweto variations in friction between tially uniform contact between. them.

3. The combination with chambers containing elastic duid under diderentressures, of a shaft passing through said c ambers, a joint packing forsaid shaft comprising a member rotatable with said shaft, a member infrictional contact therewith, means urging said members together, andmeans whereby an' increase of friction will effect a separation of saidmembers.:

t. The combination with chambers containing elastic fluid under diderentpressures, of a shaft passing through said chambers, a sleeve concentricwith said shaft and movable longitudinally thereof, a packing surfacecarried by said sleeve, another packing element coperating therewith,meansv urging said sleeve toward saidl packing element, and meanswhereby an increase of friction between said elements edects alongitudinal movement of said sleeve .in the opposite directionto lessenthe frictional pressure.

5. The combination with a diaphragm separating two chambers containingelastic duid of dierent pressures, of a shaft passmg through saiddiaphragm, `a groove in said diaphragm concentric with said shaft, asleeve in said `said. members for. maintaining a substanico los

oove and movable longitudinally of nsair shaft,f a collar on said p vshaft, a. ring on said sleeve making frictional contact with saidcollar, and means whereby an increase of frictional pressure produces aseparation of said ring and collar. 4

6. -The combination with .a diaphragm separatin two chambers containingelastic fluid of different pressures, of'a shaft 4'passing through saiddiaphragm, a sleeve concentri with said shaft and adapted to establish africtional packing joint with a relatively revolving surface, a springexerting an angular bias on said sleeve ina direction opposite to thatinduced by the frienoaosvai tion, and means for moving said sleeve1ongitninaly to lessen the friction when the pressure between thepacking surfaces exceeds a predeterininec'lA amount.

7. The combination with a diaphragm separating two chambers containingelastic fluid of dierent pressures, of a shaft passing through saiddiaphragm9 a groove in said diaphragm concentric with said shaft, asleeve in sai groove movable longitudinaiiy of said siriaitg a colar onsaid shaft,

a ring on said sieeve making fractional contact with said collar,cooperating screw threads on said sleeve and the Wall of said groove,and a spring biasing said sleeve iny l5 a direction to screw it intosaid groove.

iin Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

@SKAR DAHLKE. Witnesses:

' CARL E. Hime,

Lon Romae.

